Wet vs Dry Magnetic Separator: How to Choose?
In mineral processing, magnetic separators are essential for recovering magnetic minerals such as iron, manganese, and ilmenite.
Many clients often ask:
Should I choose a wet magnetic separator or a dry magnetic separator?
Both types have their advantages. Here, we compare them in terms of applicable minerals, recovery rate, and operating cost to help you make the best choice.
Applicable Minerals and Working Conditions
Wet Magnetic Separator
Ideal for fine-grained ores and slurry materials, especially those containing clay.
Commonly used for hematite, limonite, manganese ores and other weakly magnetic minerals.
The water medium prevents dust and improves mineral dispersion.
Dry Magnetic Separator
Suitable for coarse, dry ores, where water is scarce or unavailable.
Commonly used for magnetite, ilmenite, and high-grade iron ore pre-concentration.
Simple structure and easy maintenance.
Summary: Wet type is for fine ores; dry type is for coarse, dry ores.
Recovery Rate and Separation Efficiency
Wet Magnetic Separation
Works best for fine particles (<1 mm).
Water medium reduces particle adhesion and increases separation precision.
Recovery rate can reach 95–98%.
Dry Magnetic Separation
Best for coarse (>5 mm) and strongly magnetic ores.
Separation precision is slightly lower; recovery rate typically 85–90%.
Tip: Fine or clay-rich ores benefit from wet magnetic separation for higher recovery and grade.
Cost and Maintenance Comparison
| Aspect | Wet Magnetic Separator | Dry Magnetic Separator |
| Equipment Cost | Moderate | Lower |
| Operating Cost | Higher (water, pumps, pipelines) | Lower (no water system) |
| Maintenance | Regular cleaning of tank and coils | Simple and easy |
| Environment | Dust-free, clean | Dry operation may produce dust |
How to Choose
Choose Wet Magnetic Separator If:
Ore is fine (<2mm) or contains clay
High recovery and concentrate grade are required
Water supply is available
Choose Dry Magnetic Separator If:
Ore is coarse and free-flowing
Water is limited or not allowed
Simple, low-cost pre-concentration is needed
Final Recommendation
Wet Magnetic Separator: High recovery and precision, ideal for fine, weakly magnetic ores.
Dry Magnetic Separator: Low cost, easy maintenance, suitable for coarse, strongly magnetic ores.
Many plants adopt a dry pre-separation + wet final separation process to balance cost and efficiency.
Unsure which type is best for your ore? Contact our technical team for a custom magnetic separation solution based on your ore, capacity, and site conditions.