Copper ore flotation is currently the most widely used method in copper ore beneficiation, widely used for the recovery and purification of various copper minerals such as chalcopyrite, chalcocite, and bornite. With increasing ore complexity and decreasing resource grade, improving flotation recovery and copper concentrate grade has become a core goal for mining companies to enhance profitability.
Iron ore mainly includes magnetite, hematite, siderite, and limonite. Among them, magnetite has strong magnetic properties and is the primary target for magnetic separation, while the others are weakly magnetic or non-magnetic and generally require flotation or other methods for processing.
The ore re-selection process consists of a series of continuous operations. The nature of the operations can be divided into three parts: preparation operations, selection operations and product processing operations.
"32-bit" and "64-bit" in color sorters usually refer to the number of bits in their processor (CPU) or operating system architecture. Different number of bits directly affects the data processing capability and operating efficiency of the equipment.
Before refining the native gold ore, pretreatment is required, mainly to crush the large ore into fine particles, usually requiring -200 mesh (i.e., particle diameter less than 0.074 mm) to account for about 60%-80%, to ensure that the gold minerals are fully dissociated from other minerals, creating conditions for subsequent beneficiation and extraction operations. Then the refining is carried out, and the main methods are gravity separation, flotation, cyanidation and smelting.
The purpose of using leaching agents in gold ore pretreatment is to induce chemical reactions between the agents and gold or other components in the ore, thereby disrupting the encapsulating structure of gold, liberating and dissolving gold into solution. This improves the efficiency and recovery rate of subsequent gold extraction.
Cyanidation is the most widely used and highest recovery method in gold extraction, especially for refractory ores with fine gold particles or closely associated with gangue.
Gravity separation uses the density difference between gold and gangue minerals for separation. It is mainly used for the recovery of coarse or medium gold, especially suitable for placer gold and some quartz vein gold mines with high natural gold content.
Flotation is to adjust the reagent system to make the surface of gold particles hydrophobic and attach to bubbles to achieve separation. It is applicable to sulfide gold ores or complex ores with gold and multiple metals coexisting.